av M Linné · 2007 · Citerat av 5 — Det finns idag endast ett fåtal livscykelanalyser (LCA) på framställning av biogas som Bernesson 2004 Farm-scale Production of RME and Ethanol for Heavy

Life cycle analysis (LCA) of ethanol production from corn grain has yielded a net energy ratio of 1.2 to 1.45 (Liska et. al. 2009). This represents just a 20 to 45% positive energy balance when producing ethanol from corn. This number has been the criticism of corn ethanol because of the large amount of fossil energy used to produce ethanol.

This number has been the criticism of corn ethanol because of the large amount of fossil energy used to produce ethanol. Selection of corn ethanol plant type affects LCA results Dry mill (nearly 90% of fleet) Wet mill Process fuel –Natural gas –Coal –Biomass Corn oil extraction Integrated production of corn and stover ethanol 11 Energy used in the conversion of corn to ethanol includes transportation of grain to the biorefinery, grain milling, starch liquefaction and hydrolysis, fermentation to biofuel, and coproduct processing and transport. als [a combination of wet-milling corn grain and corn stover in the case of Kim and Dale (2005)] compared with gasoline. Luo et al. (2009) used energy, mass, and economic allocation in an LCA to assess corn stover ethanol production and reported that replacing gaso-line with ethanol reduces the levels of numerous The calculated emissions across models ranged from 16 to 45 for sugarcane, 43–62 for corn, and 45–68 g CO 2 eq MJ −1 for wheat ethanol. Harmonizing the three public models with VSB assumptions for sugarcane ethanol produced in Brazil, the range was reduced to 16–17 g CO 2 eq MJ −1 for sugarcane ethanol. LCA FOR RENEWABLE RESOURCES Life cycle assessment of bio-based ethanol produced from different agricultural feedstocks Ivan Muñoz & Karin Flury & Niels Jungbluth & Giles Rigarlsford & Llorenç Milà i Canals & Henry King Received: 3 August 2012 /Accepted: 11 June 2013 # Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2013 Abstract While this LCA was on greenhouse gas emissions and not the energy gains/losses from producing ethanol, the calculation does show that even if you look 30 or 100 years into the future, the benefits of corn ethanol over gasoline depend highly on the production method (some methods actually increase emissions relative to gasoline).

Energy used in the conversion of corn to ethanol includes transportation of grain to the biorefinery, grain milling, starch liquefaction and hydrolysis, fermentation to biofuel, and coproduct processing and transport. The life cycles of the fuels include gasoline production, corn and stover agriculture, cellulosic ethanol production, blending ethanol with gasoline to produce E10 (10% of ethanol) and E85 (85% of ethanol), and finally the use of gasoline, E10, E85, and ethanol. In this study, a substantially broader set of eight environmental impacts is covered.

ethanol has been extensively investigated in life cycle assess-ment(LCA) studies,mainly from a transport bio-fuel perspec-tive (Fu et al. 2003; Nguyen and Gheewala 2008a, b;Ometto et al. 2009). However, very often the literature is focused on theassessmentofgreenhousegas(GHG)emissionsonly(Kim and Dale 2009; Silalertruksa and Gheewala 2011;Laborde

Harmonizing the three public models with VSB assumptions for sugarcane ethanol produced in Brazil, the range was reduced to 16-17 g CO 2 eq MJ-1 for sugarcane ethanol. 2012-12-13 · Relative to petroleum gasoline, ethanol from corn, sugarcane, corn stover, switchgrass and miscanthus can reduce life-cycle GHG emissions by 19–48%, 40–62%, 90–103%, 77–97% and 101–115%, respectively.

Allocation Issues in LCA Methodology: A Case Study of Corn Stover-Based Fuel Ethanol Larry Santos AbstractFacing the threat of oil depletion and climate change, a shift from fossil resources to renewables is ongoing to secure long-term low carbon energy supplies.

The benefits of corn stover removal are (1) lower nitrogen related environmental burdens from the soil, (2) higher ethanol production rate per unit arable land, and ( Apr 11, 2016 the corn ethanol industry since EPA published its greenhouse gas “ISO 14040: 2006 – Environmental management – Life cycle assessment.

We examine different LCA approaches to corn grain and stover ethanol production considering different approaches to CHP treatment. In the baseline scenario, CHP meets the energy demands of stover ethanol production first, with additional heat and electricity generated sent to grain ethanol production. Abstract. Corn ethanol plants generate high-purity carbon dioxide (CO2) while producing ethanol. If that CO2 could be converted into ethanol by carbon capture and utilization technologies it would be possible to increase ethanol production more than 37% without additional corn grain inputs. 2015-11-04 · Another important issue is how different treatments of corn oil recovery in corn ethanol and biodiesel LCA may influence the RIN and LCFS credits the biofuel producers may obtain.
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• Models are sensitive to methodology, which is a risk factor in policy arena. • We recommend strengthened efforts to strive for transparency in LCA. In 2004, ethanol production from corn will generate 8 million tons of incremental CO2, over and above the amount of CO2 generated by burning gasoline with 115% of the calorific value of this ethanol. ethanol has been extensively investigated in life cycle assess-ment(LCA) studies,mainly from a transport bio-fuel perspec-tive (Fu et al. 2003; Nguyen and Gheewala 2008a, b;Ometto et al. 2009).

Energy used in the conversion of corn to ethanol includes transportation of grain to the biorefinery, grain milling, starch liquefaction and hydrolysis, fermentation to biofuel, and coproduct processing and transport. The life cycles of the fuels include gasoline production, corn and stover agriculture, cellulosic ethanol production, blending ethanol with gasoline to produce E10 (10% of ethanol) and E85 (85% of ethanol), and finally the use of gasoline, E10, E85, and ethanol.
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The carbon intensity (CI) of corn ethanol—i.e., the greenhouse gas emissions produced via the production of a volume of the fuel—is declining, while the average CI of gasoline produced from petroleum sources is gradually increasing, according to a recent report prepared by Life Cycle Associates, LLC for the Renewable Fuels Association (RFA).

In the baseline scenario, CHP meets the energy demands of stover ethanol production first, with additional heat and electricity generated sent to grain ethanol production. Abstract.

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av G Eriksson · Citerat av 6 — In an LCA, environmental loads from each process along the production chain ethanol plant.54 Removal of fibers from corn-based DDG has been attempted

• EN-14214. The largest yields were noticed for sugar beet, corn, potatoes and energy forest. Under conditions involving 3mL of 95% ethanol, 8% HCl, and a hermetically Life Cycle Assesment, LCA, används för att sammanställa och utvärdera in- och Multiply the corn with 2,34 to get corn on cobs. 11, 0511105, I, Säng, Beds, 1,250, 1,230, LCA Bed, 5100, 5160, 25%, 26,5kg, Steel, Block foam, Cotton, Wool, Polyester, Coconut 72, Diesel with 50% ethanol, Analysis made outside of EAP raw material for biofuel ethanol. Besides production of palm oil, soy and corn (for food and biofuel) increasingly use larger and larger product, using life-cycle assessment (LCA) methodology and verified by an independent third party. alcohol trivia: the molecular Structure of ethanol is the principal type of alcohol found Contains 20G chunky silly Putty that looks like poop with corn kernels, Truhart Adjustable Rear Lower Control Arms Links LCA Honda Civic 96-00 Gold PLA, LBA, LBL. Grupp C: Icke giftig, låg lektinaktivitet. Lens culinaris.

alcohol trivia: the molecular Structure of ethanol is the principal type of alcohol found Contains 20G chunky silly Putty that looks like poop with corn kernels, Truhart Adjustable Rear Lower Control Arms Links LCA Honda Civic 96-00 Gold

2005) is available, but did not consider changes in soil carbon stocks resulting from stover removal, and there are no similar studies examin- ing the impact of corn stover collection for EtOH in Quebec. The carbon intensity (CI) of corn ethanol—i.e., the greenhouse gas emissions produced via the production of a volume of the fuel—is declining, while the average CI of gasoline produced from petroleum sources is gradually increasing, according to a recent report prepared by Life Cycle Associates, LLC for the Renewable Fuels Association (RFA).

This study focuses only on corn stover-based ethanol as one case. Further studies may include other types of cellulosic feedstocks (i.e., switchgrass or wood), which require less intensive agricultural practice and may lead to better environmental performance of fuel ethanol. Furthermore, this study shows that widely used but different allocation methods determine outcomes of LCA studies on We base the U.S. LCA on Ethanol Today, a comprehensive dataset available for corn-based ethanol production, which synthesizes and consolidates six different corn-based ethanol LCA studies into one The battle over corn-based and sugarcane-based ethanol — which one is cheaper?